{"id":26742,"date":"2025-02-20T21:40:46","date_gmt":"2025-02-20T18:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ozansoylu.av.tr\/how-to-prepare-a-rental-agreement-in-turkey\/"},"modified":"2025-11-10T19:55:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-10T16:55:10","slug":"how-to-prepare-a-rental-agreement-in-turkey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ozansoylu.av.tr\/en\/how-to-prepare-a-rental-agreement-in-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Prepare a Rental Agreement in Turkey? *2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"font-claude-message relative leading-[1.65rem] [&amp;&gt;&lt;p&gt;div&gt;div&gt;:is(p,ul,ol)]:pr-4 md:[&amp;&gt;div&gt;div&gt;:is(p,ul,ol)]:pr-8 [&amp;_pre&gt;div]:bg-bg-300 [&amp;_. ignore-pre-bg&gt;div]:bg-transparent\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"grid-cols-1 grid gap-2.5 [&amp;_&gt;&lt;p&gt;_*]:min-w-0\">\n<p class=\"text-2xl font-bold mt-1 text-text-200\">A lease agreement in Turkey is the most important <strong>document<\/strong> that regulates the legal relationship between the landlord and tenant. A correctly and completely prepared lease agreement plays a critical role in preventing disputes that may arise between parties.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-2xl font-bold mt-1 text-text-200\">In this article, we will comprehensively cover all aspects of preparing a lease agreement in Turkey.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-0.5\">What is a Lease Agreement and its Legal Framework<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">a. Definition of Lease Agreement in Turkish Code of Obligations<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">In Article 299 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, a <strong>lease agreement<\/strong> is defined as &#8220;a contract where the lessor undertakes to grant the use of something or both its use and enjoyment to the lessee, and the lessee undertakes to pay the agreed rent in return.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">This definition refers to a legal transaction that creates a mutual <strong>debt relationship<\/strong> between parties and involves the temporary transfer of usage rights of the leased property.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">b. Legal Nature of the Lease Agreement<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">A lease agreement is a consensual contract that <strong>imposes obligations<\/strong> on both parties. In this relationship established between the tenant and landlord, the landlord&#8217;s primary obligation is to ensure the use of the leased property, while the tenant&#8217;s main obligation is to pay the <strong>rent<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The agreement creates a continuous debt relationship and provides personal rights. A lease agreement transfers only the right of use temporarily without transferring ownership rights.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">c. Legislation Regulating Lease Agreements in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The main <strong>legislation<\/strong> regulating lease relationships in Turkey includes:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Turkish Code of Obligations (Law No. 6098) Articles 299-378<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Condominium Law No. 634<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Supreme Court precedents<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Law on Real Estate Leases No. 6570 (although repealed, some provisions are still applicable)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-0.5\">Essential Elements of a Lease Agreement<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">a. Identity and Contact Information of Parties<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The lease agreement must first include accurate and complete identification information of the <strong>parties<\/strong>. The landlord&#8217;s and tenant&#8217;s full name, Turkish ID number, tax number, and residential address must be specified. Additionally, current <strong>contact information<\/strong> such as phone number and email address should be included in the agreement.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">This information is critical for parties to reach each other and ensure official notifications are delivered to the correct address in case of future disputes.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">b. Property Information and Characteristics<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The complete and accurate <strong>address information<\/strong> of the property to be leased must be clearly stated in the agreement. Additionally, details such as province, district, neighborhood, street, building name\/number, and apartment number must be written completely. Title deed information (block, plot, map section), floor number, and door number must also be included.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The property&#8217;s <strong>physical characteristics<\/strong> (square meters, number of rooms, balcony status, heating system) and list of <strong>fixtures<\/strong> should also be included in the agreement. This information includes:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Total usable area of the property<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Number of rooms and living rooms<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Number of bathrooms and toilets<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Heating system (natural gas, central heating, stove, etc.)<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Detailed list of existing fixtures if furnished<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">c. Rent Amount and Payment Terms<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The <strong>rent amount<\/strong> should be specified both in numbers and words in the lease agreement. Monthly and annual total rent amount should be clearly written in Turkish Lira or in foreign currency (if foreign currency lease agreements are permitted).<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Additionally, the <strong>frequency<\/strong> (monthly, quarterly, yearly) and <strong>method<\/strong> (bank transfer, EFT, cash, etc.) of rent payments should be specified. The bank account number or IBAN number where payments will be made should also be included in the agreement.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">d. Lease Duration and Start Date<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The start and end dates of the <strong>lease relationship<\/strong> should be clearly specified in the lease agreement. It should be explicitly stated whether the agreement is for a fixed term or indefinite period. For fixed-term lease agreements, the lease duration (1 year, 2 years, etc.) and how the agreement will be renewed at the end of this period should be detailed.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">According to the Turkish Code of Obligations, unless one of the parties gives notice of termination, fixed-term lease agreements are deemed extended for one year at the end of the lease period. This legal regulation should also be taken into consideration.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">e. Security Deposit Information<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The amount and conditions of the <strong>security deposit<\/strong> should be clearly stated in the lease agreement. According to Article 342 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, the security deposit cannot exceed three months&#8217; rent for residential and roofed workplace leases. The deposit amount, payment method, and return conditions at the end of the lease should be detailed.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Conditions under which the deposit will not be returned partially or fully, and the method for determining and evaluating potential property damage should also be clearly specified.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-0.5\">General Terms That Must Be Included in a Lease Agreement<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">a. Tenant&#8217;s Responsibilities<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The tenant&#8217;s fundamental responsibility is to <strong>use the property with care<\/strong> and utilize it in accordance with the purpose specified in the agreement. According to the Turkish Code of Obligations, the tenant is obligated to maintain the property in the condition it was received. The tenant must also <strong>show respect<\/strong> in neighborly relations and avoid disturbing behaviors such as noise and pollution.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The tenant is responsible for making minor repairs (such as faucet repair, light bulb replacement) in the rented property. They must <strong>immediately report<\/strong> larger malfunctions. If this reporting obligation is not met, the tenant may be held liable for resulting damages.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">b. Landlord&#8217;s Responsibilities<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The landlord&#8217;s most basic responsibility is to deliver the rented property in a <strong>usable condition<\/strong> and maintain it in this state throughout the rental period. This is explicitly regulated in Article 301 of the Turkish Code of Obligations. The landlord must ensure the accuracy of the property&#8217;s title deed information and that it is free from <strong>third-party rights<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Additionally, the landlord is obligated to make <strong>repairs<\/strong> that arise in the rented property for which the tenant is not responsible. For example, fixing major problems such as roof leaks, main water pipe bursts, or central heating system failures is the landlord&#8217;s responsibility.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The landlord must ensure the tenant&#8217;s peaceful use of the property and should not <strong>disturb<\/strong> the tenant during the contract period. However, in cases of necessary repairs or property sale, they have the right to show the property for reasonable durations.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">c. Building Maintenance Fees and Common Expenses<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The lease agreement should clearly specify who is responsible for <strong>maintenance fee payments<\/strong> and other common expenses. Generally, the following expenses belong to the tenant:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Building maintenance fees<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Electricity, water, natural gas bills<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Internet and telephone expenses<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Doorman\/staff wages<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Maintenance costs of common areas such as elevator and parking<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">However, <strong>property taxes<\/strong> (such as real estate tax) and major renovation expenses typically belong to the landlord. Parties should clearly regulate these matters in the agreement, especially detailing any special conditions arising from the management plan.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">d. Property Renovations<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The tenant needs the landlord&#8217;s <strong>written permission<\/strong> for changes and renovations to be made to the rented property. It is important to state this clearly in the agreement. Unauthorized changes can be grounds for contract termination and compensation claims.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The agreement should also specify who will bear the costs of property renovations, <strong>what will happen<\/strong> to these renovations at the end of the lease period, and how the property should be returned. Generally:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-decimal space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Decorative changes (paint, wallpaper, etc.)<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Non-fixed furniture and accessory changes<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Changes to electrical and plumbing installations<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Structural changes such as wall removal or addition<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">e. Prohibition of Sublease and Transfer<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">According to Article 322 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, without the landlord&#8217;s <strong>written consent<\/strong>, the tenant cannot sublease the property or transfer their right of use. This matter is particularly important in residential and roofed workplace leases.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Clear and precise regulation of sublease and transfer prohibition provisions in the agreement is critical to prevent future disputes. Violation of the prohibition can constitute <strong>just cause<\/strong> for termination of the agreement.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Additionally, special circumstances such as the status of heirs in case of tenant&#8217;s death, or company merger or transfer if the tenant is a company, should also be regulated in the agreement. These regulations help protect the rights of parties in unexpected situations.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-0.5\">Important Considerations When Preparing a Lease Agreement<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">a. Written Form Requirement<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">In the Turkish legal system, there is no strict <strong>written form requirement<\/strong> for lease agreements.<\/p>\n<p>Verbal lease agreements are also valid. However, having a written contract is extremely important for ease of proof. A written contract serves as evidence in disputes that may arise between parties.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Each page of the written contract must be <strong>signed<\/strong> by the parties. It should be remembered that a signature is a mark that verifies the parties&#8217; identities and reflects their will. Avoiding erasures and scratches, and initialing any changes are measures that will increase reliability.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Nowadays, electronically signed contracts are becoming more common. However, without using a secure <strong>electronic signature<\/strong>, proving authenticity may be difficult.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">b. Importance of Contract Witnesses<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Having <strong>witnesses<\/strong> in a lease agreement, while not a legal requirement, is an important security mechanism. Witnesses can verify that the contract was signed and its contents were accepted by the parties. This provides protection against future claims such as &#8220;the signature is not mine&#8221; or &#8220;the contract content has been altered.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">When selecting witnesses, it&#8217;s important that they are impartial and <strong>of legal age<\/strong>. Witnesses&#8217; identification information (name-surname, Turkish ID number) should be stated in the contract and their signatures obtained. Ideally, witnesses should be:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Persons with no familial relationship to the parties<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Trustworthy individuals who know both tenant and landlord<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Persons who can testify in court if necessary<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Persons present at the location where the contract is made<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">c. Preparation of Inventory List<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Preparing a detailed list of <strong>items<\/strong> in the rented property is critically important for preventing future disputes. The inventory list should include distinguishing features such as brand, model, serial number of items and their current condition (damaged, scratched, new, etc.).<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">When preparing the list, all <strong>fixed fixtures<\/strong> (kitchen cabinets, built-in products, air conditioners, etc.) and if present, furniture (sofa, bed, table, etc.) should be written in detail. Taking dated <strong>photographs<\/strong> showing the condition of items and including these photographs as an attachment to the contract will be beneficial.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The inventory list should be prepared as an attachment to the contract and each page should be signed by the parties. How the property should be returned at the end of the lease period should also be specified in this list.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">d. Determining the Rent Increase Rate<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The <strong>increase rate<\/strong> in lease agreements is regulated according to Article 344 of the Turkish Code of Obligations. Accordingly, rent increases cannot exceed the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rate announced by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK). This legal limitation applies even if parties agree to set a higher rate.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The contract should clearly state when the rent increase will be made (usually annually) and which <strong>index<\/strong> will be used for calculation. The following statement can be used regarding how the increase rate will be calculated:<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">&#8220;The rent amount will be increased annually, not exceeding the annual CPI change rate announced by TUIK for the month corresponding to the lease start date.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">e. Correct Determination of Contract Duration<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The <strong>duration<\/strong> of the lease agreement should be determined according to the needs and plans of the parties. In fixed-term contracts, the start and end dates should be clearly written. According to the Turkish Code of Obligations, unless one party gives notice of termination, the contract is deemed extended for one year.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The points to consider when determining the contract duration are:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-decimal space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">How long the tenant plans to stay in the property in the foreseeable future<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Whether the landlord has plans to sell or use the property themselves<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Costs associated with renewing short-term contracts<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Importance of rent increase mechanism in long-term contracts<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Clarification of notice periods in case of contract termination<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">A correctly determined contract duration provides <strong>predictability<\/strong> for both parties and prevents unnecessary disputes.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-0.5\">Termination and Cancellation Conditions of Lease Agreement<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">a. Termination of Fixed-Term Lease Agreements<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Fixed-term lease agreements do not automatically end with the <strong>expiration of the term<\/strong>. According to Article 347 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, if the landlord or tenant does not give notice at least 15 days before the end of the term, the contract is deemed extended for one year under the same conditions. This automatic extension mechanism aims to protect the tenant.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">In fixed-term residential and roofed workplace lease agreements, the landlord can only terminate the contract at the end of the lease period if there are <strong>reasons<\/strong> specified in the first paragraph of Article 347 of the Turkish Code of Obligations. These reasons include the need for use by the landlord or close family members, substantial repair or reconstruction.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The tenant, however, can terminate the fixed-term contract by giving notice before the end of the term without showing any reason.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">b. Termination of Indefinite-Term Lease Agreements<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Indefinite-term lease agreements end with the <strong>termination notice<\/strong> given by the parties.<\/p>\n<p>The tenant can terminate an indefinite-term lease agreement at any time by complying with the 3-month notice period without having to show any reason. It is important that the termination notice is made in <strong>written form<\/strong> and that its delivery to the other party can be proven.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The landlord, however, can terminate indefinite-term residential and roofed workplace lease agreements only if reasons listed in the first paragraph of Article 347 of the Turkish Code of Obligations exist and by giving 3 months&#8217; notice to the tenant.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">For a termination notice to be valid, it must:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Be made in writing<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Comply with the periods specified by law<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Clearly state the termination date in the notice<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">For residential and roofed workplace leases, clearly state the landlord&#8217;s reason for termination<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">c. Eviction Commitment<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">An eviction commitment is a written document where the tenant commits to <strong>vacate<\/strong> the rented property on a specific date. According to Article 352 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, if the tenant fails to vacate despite having made a written commitment to the landlord after receiving the property, the landlord can terminate the lease agreement by applying for enforcement or filing a lawsuit within one month from this date.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">For an eviction commitment to be <strong>valid<\/strong>, the following conditions are required:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-decimal space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">It must be given after the rented property is delivered to the tenant<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">It must be in written form<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">The eviction date must be clearly stated<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">It must be signed by the tenant<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">An important point: Eviction commitments obtained simultaneously with or before the lease agreement are <strong>invalid<\/strong>. The commitment only gains legal validity if it is prepared after the actual delivery of the rented property.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">d. Termination Due to Tenant Default<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The tenant&#8217;s <strong>default<\/strong> in paying rent is an important reason for terminating the lease agreement. According to Article 315 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, if the tenant fails to fulfill their obligation to pay the due rent or ancillary expenses after receiving the property, the landlord can give the tenant a written notice period and inform them that they will terminate the agreement if payment is not made within this period.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">For residential and roofed workplace leases, the landlord must give at least a <strong>30-day<\/strong> notice period. For other lease agreements, this period is at least 10 days. If the tenant pays their debt within the given period, the agreement continues.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Additionally, if the tenant defaults on rent payments multiple times within a year, the landlord can terminate the agreement. In this case:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Must have defaulted at least twice for residential and roofed workplace leases, once for other leases<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">The landlord must have given written notice for each default<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Termination notice must be made within 30 days from the last default date<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">e. Required Actions During Property Evacuation<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">There are many points to consider during the <strong>evacuation<\/strong> of the property upon termination of the lease agreement. The evacuation process should be conducted carefully to avoid new disputes between parties.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Actions required during evacuation are:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-decimal space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Ensuring the property is delivered in the condition specified in the agreement<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Checking inventory list items and identifying missing\/damaged items<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Reading water, electricity, natural gas meters and transferring\/closing subscriptions<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Verifying that the tenant has completely removed their personal belongings<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Evaluating deposit return conditions and determining any deductions<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Preparing a <strong>report<\/strong> during evacuation will be helpful in preventing future disputes. This report should include the current condition of the property, deficiencies, damages, and mutual statements of the parties.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"text-xl font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-0.5\">Security Mechanisms in Lease Agreements<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">a. Surety Conditions<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\"><strong>Surety<\/strong> in lease agreements is an important legal mechanism that provides security in case the tenant fails to fulfill their obligations. According to Article 583 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, a surety agreement must be made in writing, and the <strong>maximum amount<\/strong> for which the surety will be responsible and the surety date must be written in the surety&#8217;s own handwriting.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Among surety types, the most common is <strong>joint surety<\/strong>. In this case, the surety is equally responsible with the tenant, and the creditor landlord can directly approach the surety. The surety must indicate their intention to be a &#8220;joint surety&#8221; in their own handwriting.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The validity period of surety is ten years for residential and roofed workplace leases. The surety&#8217;s responsibility ends after this period. However, the surety period can be renewed and extended. If the surety is married, their spouse&#8217;s <strong>consent<\/strong> must also be obtained. The spouse&#8217;s consent must be given before or at the latest at the time of establishing the surety agreement.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">b. Rent Insurance<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Rent insurance is a security mechanism that provides <strong>financial protection<\/strong> to the landlord against risks of the tenant not paying rent or damaging the property.<\/p>\n<p>Although this type of insurance is not yet common in Turkey, it is frequently used in developed countries.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Rent insurance typically covers the following risks:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Unpaid rent amounts<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Material damages caused by the tenant<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Legal expenses during eviction process<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Loss of income during the property&#8217;s re-rental process<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The <strong>premium amount<\/strong> of the insurance policy is determined based on factors such as the value of the rented property, tenant&#8217;s credit score, and rent amount. The landlord pays premiums to the insurance company at specific intervals and receives compensation when the risk materializes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Since rent insurance practice is in the development stage in Turkey, it is important to get <strong>current information<\/strong> from insurance companies when making a contract. This security mechanism, which is expected to become more widespread in the future, can be a valuable tool especially for people who professionally rent out real estate.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">c. Advantages of Notarized Lease Agreement<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Although having the lease agreement <strong>notarized<\/strong> is not mandatory, it provides significant advantages to parties. Notarized agreements serve as definitive evidence against signature denial. This prevents objections like &#8220;this signature is not mine.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The advantages provided by notarized agreements are:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Official verification of signature authenticity<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Definitive determination of contract date<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Prevention of contract content modification<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Creation of an <strong>enforceable document<\/strong> for execution proceedings<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Providing ease of proof in eviction cases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Notary approval does not guarantee the <strong>legal compliance<\/strong> of the contract&#8217;s content; it only confirms that the signatures belong to the parties and certifies the document&#8217;s preparation date. Therefore, proper legal arrangement of the contract content is separately important.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">d. Title Deed Annotation<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Having the lease agreement <strong>annotated in the land registry<\/strong> provides important security for the tenant. According to Article 1009 of the Turkish Civil Code and Article 312 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, real estate lease agreements can be annotated in the land registry. This annotation ensures that new owners must comply with the lease agreement if the rented property changes hands.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">For title deed annotation to be made:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-decimal space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Landlord&#8217;s consent or court decision is required<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Must be a fixed-term lease agreement<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Annotation period can be maximum 10 years<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Application must be made to the Land Registry Office<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Title deed annotation is particularly important in <strong>long-term<\/strong> lease agreements and commercial leases. Through this method, the tenant can guarantee protection of their investments in case the property is sold. The annotation provides legal protection similar to a <strong>real effect<\/strong> that allows the tenant to assert their rights arising from the lease agreement against third parties.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"text-lg font-bold text-text-200 mt-1 -mb-1.5\">e. Electronic Lease Agreement System<\/h3>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\"><strong>Electronic lease agreements<\/strong> are becoming increasingly common with technological advancement. This system allows parties to make contracts through secure digital platforms without meeting physically. Under the electronic signature law, documents signed with secure electronic signatures have the same legal consequences as handwritten signatures.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">Advantages of the electronic lease agreement system:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>Acceleration<\/strong> of contract processes<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Convenience when parties are in different locations<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Secure storage of contracts in digital environment<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Recording of change history<\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\">Automatic reminder and notification systems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">The <strong>Digital Lease Agreement<\/strong> application developed by the Revenue Administration in Turkey enables preparation, signing, and storage of lease agreements in electronic environment. This system also facilitates tracking of tax obligations such as rental income declaration.<\/p>\n<p class=\"whitespace-pre-wrap break-words\">When making contracts in the electronic system, attention should be paid to the reliability of the platform used, protection of personal data, and validity of e-signatures. It is also an important factor that all parties to the contract have <strong>digital literacy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>For more assistance or consultation on this matter, you can <a href=\"https:\/\/ozansoylu.av.tr\/en\/contact\/\"><span style=\"color: #573503;\">contact us.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_26320\" style=\"width: 442px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ozansoylu.av.tr\/en\/atty-ozan-soylu\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-26320\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26320\" class=\" wp-image-26320\" src=\"https:\/\/ozansoylu.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Atty.-Ozan-SOYLU-300x212.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"432\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ozansoylu.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Atty.-Ozan-SOYLU-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/ozansoylu.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Atty.-Ozan-SOYLU.png 691w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 432px) 100vw, 432px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-26320\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">How to Prepare a Rental Agreement in Turkey<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A lease agreement in Turkey is the most important document that regulates the legal relationship between the landlord and tenant. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26743,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[199],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rental-law"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Guide to Turkish rental agreements: legal requirements, termination, security mechanisms, and foreign tenant considerations.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Soylu\"\/>\n\t<meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"B4h4C8kBFJ7EFsnAzZt2JRZ3bG4RXqFne2Ygy7QraPc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"msvalidate.01\" content=\"718F6D6060DA00B8182C2D7FE6076F1D\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"yandex-verification\" content=\"9e724585774d9574\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ozansoylu.av.tr\/en\/how-to-prepare-a-rental-agreement-in-turkey\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO Pro (AIOSEO) 4.9.8\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Attorney Ozan Soylu\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Prepare a Rental Agreement in Turkey? 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